This is a follow up to the RFC I made previously to introduce a cgroup controller for the GPU/DRM subsystem [v1,v2,v3]. The goal is to be able to provide resource management to GPU resources using things like container.
With this RFC v4, I am hoping to have some consensus on a merge plan. I believe the GEM related resources (drm.buffer.*) introduced in previous RFC and, hopefully, the logical GPU concept (drm.lgpu.*) introduced in this RFC are uncontroversial and ready to move out of RFC and into a more formal review. I will continue to work on the memory backend resources (drm.memory.*).
The cover letter from v1 is copied below for reference.
[v1]: https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2018-November/197106.html [v2]: https://www.spinics.net/lists/cgroups/msg22074.html [v3]: https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2019-June/036026.html
v4: Unchanged (no review needed) * drm.memory.*/ttm resources (Patch 9-13, I am still working on memory bandwidth and shrinker) Base on feedbacks on v3: * update nominclature to drmcg * embed per device drmcg properties into drm_device * split GEM buffer related commits into stats and limit * rename function name to align with convention * combined buffer accounting and check into a try_charge function * support buffer stats without limit enforcement * removed GEM buffer sharing limitation * updated documentations New features: * introducing logical GPU concept * example implementation with AMD KFD
v3: Base on feedbacks on v2: * removed .help type file from v2 * conform to cgroup convention for default and max handling * conform to cgroup convention for addressing device specific limits (with major:minor) New function: * adopted memparse for memory size related attributes * added macro to marshall drmcgrp cftype private (DRMCG_CTF_PRIV, etc.) * added ttm buffer usage stats (per cgroup, for system, tt, vram.) * added ttm buffer usage limit (per cgroup, for vram.) * added per cgroup bandwidth stats and limiting (burst and average bandwidth)
v2: * Removed the vendoring concepts * Add limit to total buffer allocation * Add limit to the maximum size of a buffer allocation
v1: cover letter
The purpose of this patch series is to start a discussion for a generic cgroup controller for the drm subsystem. The design proposed here is a very early one. We are hoping to engage the community as we develop the idea.
Backgrounds ========== Control Groups/cgroup provide a mechanism for aggregating/partitioning sets of tasks, and all their future children, into hierarchical groups with specialized behaviour, such as accounting/limiting the resources which processes in a cgroup can access[1]. Weights, limits, protections, allocations are the main resource distribution models. Existing cgroup controllers includes cpu, memory, io, rdma, and more. cgroup is one of the foundational technologies that enables the popular container application deployment and management method.
Direct Rendering Manager/drm contains code intended to support the needs of complex graphics devices. Graphics drivers in the kernel may make use of DRM functions to make tasks like memory management, interrupt handling and DMA easier, and provide a uniform interface to applications. The DRM has also developed beyond traditional graphics applications to support compute/GPGPU applications.
Motivations ========= As GPU grow beyond the realm of desktop/workstation graphics into areas like data center clusters and IoT, there are increasing needs to monitor and regulate GPU as a resource like cpu, memory and io.
Matt Roper from Intel began working on similar idea in early 2018 [2] for the purpose of managing GPU priority using the cgroup hierarchy. While that particular use case may not warrant a standalone drm cgroup controller, there are other use cases where having one can be useful [3]. Monitoring GPU resources such as VRAM and buffers, CU (compute unit [AMD's nomenclature])/EU (execution unit [Intel's nomenclature]), GPU job scheduling [4] can help sysadmins get a better understanding of the applications usage profile. Further usage regulations of the aforementioned resources can also help sysadmins optimize workload deployment on limited GPU resources.
With the increased importance of machine learning, data science and other cloud-based applications, GPUs are already in production use in data centers today [5,6,7]. Existing GPU resource management is very course grain, however, as sysadmins are only able to distribute workload on a per-GPU basis [8]. An alternative is to use GPU virtualization (with or without SRIOV) but it generally acts on the entire GPU instead of the specific resources in a GPU. With a drm cgroup controller, we can enable alternate, fine-grain, sub-GPU resource management (in addition to what may be available via GPU virtualization.)
In addition to production use, the DRM cgroup can also help with testing graphics application robustness by providing a mean to artificially limit DRM resources availble to the applications.
Challenges ======== While there are common infrastructure in DRM that is shared across many vendors (the scheduler [4] for example), there are also aspects of DRM that are vendor specific. To accommodate this, we borrowed the mechanism used by the cgroup to handle different kinds of cgroup controller.
Resources for DRM are also often device (GPU) specific instead of system specific and a system may contain more than one GPU. For this, we borrowed some of the ideas from RDMA cgroup controller.
Approach ======= To experiment with the idea of a DRM cgroup, we would like to start with basic accounting and statistics, then continue to iterate and add regulating mechanisms into the driver.
[1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/cgroups.txt [2] https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/intel-gfx/2018-January/153156.html [3] https://www.spinics.net/lists/cgroups/msg20720.html [4] https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/latest/source/drivers/gpu/drm/scheduler [5] https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/manage-gpus/scheduling-gpus/ [6] https://blog.openshift.com/gpu-accelerated-sql-queries-with-postgresql-pg-st... [7] https://github.com/RadeonOpenCompute/k8s-device-plugin [8] https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/52757
Kenny Ho (16): drm: Add drm_minor_for_each cgroup: Introduce cgroup for drm subsystem drm, cgroup: Initialize drmcg properties drm, cgroup: Add total GEM buffer allocation stats drm, cgroup: Add peak GEM buffer allocation stats drm, cgroup: Add GEM buffer allocation count stats drm, cgroup: Add total GEM buffer allocation limit drm, cgroup: Add peak GEM buffer allocation limit drm, cgroup: Add TTM buffer allocation stats drm, cgroup: Add TTM buffer peak usage stats drm, cgroup: Add per cgroup bw measure and control drm, cgroup: Add soft VRAM limit drm, cgroup: Allow more aggressive memory reclaim drm, cgroup: Introduce lgpu as DRM cgroup resource drm, cgroup: add update trigger after limit change drm/amdgpu: Integrate with DRM cgroup
Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst | 163 +- Documentation/cgroup-v1/drm.rst | 1 + drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_amdkfd.h | 4 + drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_drv.c | 29 + drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c | 6 +- drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c | 3 +- drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdkfd/kfd_chardev.c | 6 + drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdkfd/kfd_priv.h | 3 + .../amd/amdkfd/kfd_process_queue_manager.c | 140 ++ drivers/gpu/drm/drm_drv.c | 26 + drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c | 16 +- drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h | 4 - drivers/gpu/drm/ttm/ttm_bo.c | 93 ++ drivers/gpu/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_util.c | 4 + include/drm/drm_cgroup.h | 122 ++ include/drm/drm_device.h | 7 + include/drm/drm_drv.h | 23 + include/drm/drm_gem.h | 13 +- include/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_api.h | 2 + include/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_driver.h | 10 + include/linux/cgroup_drm.h | 151 ++ include/linux/cgroup_subsys.h | 4 + init/Kconfig | 5 + kernel/cgroup/Makefile | 1 + kernel/cgroup/drm.c | 1367 +++++++++++++++++ 25 files changed, 2193 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) create mode 100644 Documentation/cgroup-v1/drm.rst create mode 100644 include/drm/drm_cgroup.h create mode 100644 include/linux/cgroup_drm.h create mode 100644 kernel/cgroup/drm.c