This series implements mitigations for lack of DMA access control on systems without an IOMMU, which could result in the DMA accessing the system memory at unexpected times and/or unexpected addresses, possibly leading to data leakage or corruption.
For example, we plan to use the PCI-e bus for Wi-Fi and that PCI-e bus is not behind an IOMMU. As PCI-e, by design, gives the device full access to system memory, a vulnerability in the Wi-Fi firmware could easily escalate to a full system exploit (remote wifi exploits: [1a], [1b] that shows a full chain of exploits; [2], [3]).
To mitigate the security concerns, we introduce restricted DMA. Restricted DMA utilizes the existing swiotlb to bounce streaming DMA in and out of a specially allocated region and does memory allocation from the same region. The feature on its own provides a basic level of protection against the DMA overwriting buffer contents at unexpected times. However, to protect against general data leakage and system memory corruption, the system needs to provide a way to restrict the DMA to a predefined memory region (this is usually done at firmware level, e.g. MPU in ATF on some ARM platforms [4]).
[1a] https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2017/04/over-air-exploiting-broadcoms... [1b] https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2017/04/over-air-exploiting-broadcoms... [2] https://blade.tencent.com/en/advisories/qualpwn/ [3] https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/vulnerabilities-found-in-high... [4] https://github.com/ARM-software/arm-trusted-firmware/blob/master/plat/mediat...
v12: Split is_dev_swiotlb_force into is_swiotlb_force_bounce (patch 06/12) and is_swiotlb_for_alloc (patch 09/12)
v11: - Rebase against swiotlb devel/for-linus-5.14 - s/mempry/memory/g - exchange the order of patch 09/12 and 10/12 https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1447216/
v10: Address the comments in v9 to - fix the dev->dma_io_tlb_mem assignment - propagate swiotlb_force setting into io_tlb_default_mem->force - move set_memory_decrypted out of swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem - move debugfs_dir declaration into the main CONFIG_DEBUG_FS block - add swiotlb_ prefix to find_slots and release_slots - merge the 3 alloc/free related patches - move the CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL later https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1446882/
v9: Address the comments in v7 to - set swiotlb active pool to dev->dma_io_tlb_mem - get rid of get_io_tlb_mem - dig out the device struct for is_swiotlb_active - move debugfs_create_dir out of swiotlb_create_debugfs - do set_memory_decrypted conditionally in swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem - use IS_ENABLED in kernel/dma/direct.c - fix redefinition of 'of_dma_set_restricted_buffer' https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1445081/
v8: - Fix reserved-memory.txt and add the reg property in example. - Fix sizeof for of_property_count_elems_of_size in drivers/of/address.c#of_dma_set_restricted_buffer. - Apply Will's suggestion to try the OF node having DMA configuration in drivers/of/address.c#of_dma_set_restricted_buffer. - Fix typo in the comment of drivers/of/address.c#of_dma_set_restricted_buffer. - Add error message for PageHighMem in kernel/dma/swiotlb.c#rmem_swiotlb_device_init and move it to rmem_swiotlb_setup. - Fix the message string in rmem_swiotlb_setup. https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1437112/
v7: Fix debugfs, PageHighMem and comment style in rmem_swiotlb_device_init https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1431031/
v6: Address the comments in v5 https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1423201/
v5: Rebase on latest linux-next https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1416899/
v4: - Fix spinlock bad magic - Use rmem->name for debugfs entry - Address the comments in v3 https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1378113/
v3: Using only one reserved memory region for both streaming DMA and memory allocation. https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1360992/
v2: Building on top of swiotlb. https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1280705/
v1: Using dma_map_ops. https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1271660/
Claire Chang (12): swiotlb: Refactor swiotlb init functions swiotlb: Refactor swiotlb_create_debugfs swiotlb: Set dev->dma_io_tlb_mem to the swiotlb pool used swiotlb: Update is_swiotlb_buffer to add a struct device argument swiotlb: Update is_swiotlb_active to add a struct device argument swiotlb: Use is_swiotlb_force_bounce for swiotlb data bouncing swiotlb: Move alloc_size to swiotlb_find_slots swiotlb: Refactor swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single swiotlb: Add restricted DMA alloc/free support swiotlb: Add restricted DMA pool initialization dt-bindings: of: Add restricted DMA pool of: Add plumbing for restricted DMA pool
.../reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt | 36 ++- drivers/base/core.c | 4 + drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c | 2 +- drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c | 2 +- drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c | 12 +- drivers/of/address.c | 33 +++ drivers/of/device.c | 3 + drivers/of/of_private.h | 6 + drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c | 2 +- drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c | 2 +- include/linux/device.h | 4 + include/linux/swiotlb.h | 51 +++- kernel/dma/Kconfig | 14 + kernel/dma/direct.c | 59 +++-- kernel/dma/direct.h | 8 +- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 249 +++++++++++++----- 16 files changed, 385 insertions(+), 102 deletions(-)
Add a new function, swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem, for the io_tlb_mem struct initialization to make the code reusable.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index 52e2ac526757..3ba0f08a39a1 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -168,9 +168,28 @@ void __init swiotlb_update_mem_attributes(void) memset(vaddr, 0, bytes); }
-int __init swiotlb_init_with_tbl(char *tlb, unsigned long nslabs, int verbose) +static void swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem(struct io_tlb_mem *mem, phys_addr_t start, + unsigned long nslabs, bool late_alloc) { + void *vaddr = phys_to_virt(start); unsigned long bytes = nslabs << IO_TLB_SHIFT, i; + + mem->nslabs = nslabs; + mem->start = start; + mem->end = mem->start + bytes; + mem->index = 0; + mem->late_alloc = late_alloc; + spin_lock_init(&mem->lock); + for (i = 0; i < mem->nslabs; i++) { + mem->slots[i].list = IO_TLB_SEGSIZE - io_tlb_offset(i); + mem->slots[i].orig_addr = INVALID_PHYS_ADDR; + mem->slots[i].alloc_size = 0; + } + memset(vaddr, 0, bytes); +} + +int __init swiotlb_init_with_tbl(char *tlb, unsigned long nslabs, int verbose) +{ struct io_tlb_mem *mem; size_t alloc_size;
@@ -186,16 +205,8 @@ int __init swiotlb_init_with_tbl(char *tlb, unsigned long nslabs, int verbose) if (!mem) panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes align=0x%lx\n", __func__, alloc_size, PAGE_SIZE); - mem->nslabs = nslabs; - mem->start = __pa(tlb); - mem->end = mem->start + bytes; - mem->index = 0; - spin_lock_init(&mem->lock); - for (i = 0; i < mem->nslabs; i++) { - mem->slots[i].list = IO_TLB_SEGSIZE - io_tlb_offset(i); - mem->slots[i].orig_addr = INVALID_PHYS_ADDR; - mem->slots[i].alloc_size = 0; - } + + swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem(mem, __pa(tlb), nslabs, false);
io_tlb_default_mem = mem; if (verbose) @@ -282,8 +293,8 @@ swiotlb_late_init_with_default_size(size_t default_size) int swiotlb_late_init_with_tbl(char *tlb, unsigned long nslabs) { - unsigned long bytes = nslabs << IO_TLB_SHIFT, i; struct io_tlb_mem *mem; + unsigned long bytes = nslabs << IO_TLB_SHIFT;
if (swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_NO_FORCE) return 0; @@ -297,20 +308,8 @@ swiotlb_late_init_with_tbl(char *tlb, unsigned long nslabs) if (!mem) return -ENOMEM;
- mem->nslabs = nslabs; - mem->start = virt_to_phys(tlb); - mem->end = mem->start + bytes; - mem->index = 0; - mem->late_alloc = 1; - spin_lock_init(&mem->lock); - for (i = 0; i < mem->nslabs; i++) { - mem->slots[i].list = IO_TLB_SEGSIZE - io_tlb_offset(i); - mem->slots[i].orig_addr = INVALID_PHYS_ADDR; - mem->slots[i].alloc_size = 0; - } - + swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem(mem, virt_to_phys(tlb), nslabs, true); set_memory_decrypted((unsigned long)tlb, bytes >> PAGE_SHIFT); - memset(tlb, 0, bytes);
io_tlb_default_mem = mem; swiotlb_print_info();
Split the debugfs creation to make the code reusable for supporting different bounce buffer pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 21 ++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index 3ba0f08a39a1..af416bcd1914 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -670,19 +670,26 @@ bool is_swiotlb_active(void) EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(is_swiotlb_active);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS +static struct dentry *debugfs_dir;
-static int __init swiotlb_create_debugfs(void) +static void swiotlb_create_debugfs_files(struct io_tlb_mem *mem) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; - - if (!mem) - return 0; - mem->debugfs = debugfs_create_dir("swiotlb", NULL); debugfs_create_ulong("io_tlb_nslabs", 0400, mem->debugfs, &mem->nslabs); debugfs_create_ulong("io_tlb_used", 0400, mem->debugfs, &mem->used); +} + +static int __init swiotlb_create_default_debugfs(void) +{ + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + + debugfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir("swiotlb", NULL); + if (mem) { + mem->debugfs = debugfs_dir; + swiotlb_create_debugfs_files(mem); + } return 0; }
-late_initcall(swiotlb_create_debugfs); +late_initcall(swiotlb_create_default_debugfs);
#endif
Always have the pointer to the swiotlb pool used in struct device. This could help simplify the code for other pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- drivers/base/core.c | 4 ++++ include/linux/device.h | 4 ++++ kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 8 ++++---- 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/base/core.c b/drivers/base/core.c index f29839382f81..cb3123e3954d 100644 --- a/drivers/base/core.c +++ b/drivers/base/core.c @@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ #include <linux/netdevice.h> #include <linux/sched/signal.h> #include <linux/sched/mm.h> +#include <linux/swiotlb.h> #include <linux/sysfs.h> #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h> /* for dma_default_coherent */
@@ -2736,6 +2737,9 @@ void device_initialize(struct device *dev) defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_CPU_ALL) dev->dma_coherent = dma_default_coherent; #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB + dev->dma_io_tlb_mem = io_tlb_default_mem; +#endif } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_initialize);
diff --git a/include/linux/device.h b/include/linux/device.h index ba660731bd25..240d652a0696 100644 --- a/include/linux/device.h +++ b/include/linux/device.h @@ -416,6 +416,7 @@ struct dev_links_info { * @dma_pools: Dma pools (if dma'ble device). * @dma_mem: Internal for coherent mem override. * @cma_area: Contiguous memory area for dma allocations + * @dma_io_tlb_mem: Pointer to the swiotlb pool used. Not for driver use. * @archdata: For arch-specific additions. * @of_node: Associated device tree node. * @fwnode: Associated device node supplied by platform firmware. @@ -518,6 +519,9 @@ struct device { #ifdef CONFIG_DMA_CMA struct cma *cma_area; /* contiguous memory area for dma allocations */ +#endif +#ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB + struct io_tlb_mem *dma_io_tlb_mem; #endif /* arch specific additions */ struct dev_archdata archdata; diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index af416bcd1914..a9f5c08dd94a 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ void __init swiotlb_exit(void) static void swiotlb_bounce(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; int index = (tlb_addr - mem->start) >> IO_TLB_SHIFT; unsigned int offset = (tlb_addr - mem->start) & (IO_TLB_SIZE - 1); phys_addr_t orig_addr = mem->slots[index].orig_addr; @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ static unsigned int wrap_index(struct io_tlb_mem *mem, unsigned int index) static int find_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, size_t alloc_size) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; unsigned long boundary_mask = dma_get_seg_boundary(dev); dma_addr_t tbl_dma_addr = phys_to_dma_unencrypted(dev, mem->start) & boundary_mask; @@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ phys_addr_t swiotlb_tbl_map_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, size_t mapping_size, size_t alloc_size, enum dma_data_direction dir, unsigned long attrs) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; unsigned int offset = swiotlb_align_offset(dev, orig_addr); unsigned int i; int index; @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ void swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(struct device *hwdev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, size_t mapping_size, enum dma_data_direction dir, unsigned long attrs) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = hwdev->dma_io_tlb_mem; unsigned long flags; unsigned int offset = swiotlb_align_offset(hwdev, tlb_addr); int index = (tlb_addr - offset - mem->start) >> IO_TLB_SHIFT;
Update is_swiotlb_buffer to add a struct device argument. This will be useful later to allow for different pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c | 12 ++++++------ drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c | 2 +- include/linux/swiotlb.h | 7 ++++--- kernel/dma/direct.c | 6 +++--- kernel/dma/direct.h | 6 +++--- 5 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c index 3087d9fa6065..10997ef541f8 100644 --- a/drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c +++ b/drivers/iommu/dma-iommu.c @@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ static void __iommu_dma_unmap_swiotlb(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr,
__iommu_dma_unmap(dev, dma_addr, size);
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(phys))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, phys))) swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(dev, phys, size, dir, attrs); }
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ static dma_addr_t __iommu_dma_map_swiotlb(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t phys, }
iova = __iommu_dma_map(dev, phys, aligned_size, prot, dma_mask); - if (iova == DMA_MAPPING_ERROR && is_swiotlb_buffer(phys)) + if (iova == DMA_MAPPING_ERROR && is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, phys)) swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(dev, phys, org_size, dir, attrs); return iova; } @@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ static void iommu_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(struct device *dev, if (!dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) arch_sync_dma_for_cpu(phys, size, dir);
- if (is_swiotlb_buffer(phys)) + if (is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, phys)) swiotlb_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, phys, size, dir); }
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ static void iommu_dma_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, return;
phys = iommu_iova_to_phys(iommu_get_dma_domain(dev), dma_handle); - if (is_swiotlb_buffer(phys)) + if (is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, phys)) swiotlb_sync_single_for_device(dev, phys, size, dir);
if (!dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) @@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ static void iommu_dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(struct device *dev, if (!dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) arch_sync_dma_for_cpu(sg_phys(sg), sg->length, dir);
- if (is_swiotlb_buffer(sg_phys(sg))) + if (is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, sg_phys(sg))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, sg_phys(sg), sg->length, dir); } @@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ static void iommu_dma_sync_sg_for_device(struct device *dev, return;
for_each_sg(sgl, sg, nelems, i) { - if (is_swiotlb_buffer(sg_phys(sg))) + if (is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, sg_phys(sg))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_device(dev, sg_phys(sg), sg->length, dir);
diff --git a/drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c b/drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c index 4c89afc0df62..0c6ed09f8513 100644 --- a/drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c +++ b/drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static int is_xen_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr) * in our domain. Therefore _only_ check address within our domain. */ if (pfn_valid(PFN_DOWN(paddr))) - return is_swiotlb_buffer(paddr); + return is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, paddr); return 0; }
diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index 216854a5e513..d1f3d95881cd 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ #ifndef __LINUX_SWIOTLB_H #define __LINUX_SWIOTLB_H
+#include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/dma-direction.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/types.h> @@ -101,9 +102,9 @@ struct io_tlb_mem { }; extern struct io_tlb_mem *io_tlb_default_mem;
-static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(phys_addr_t paddr) +static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = io_tlb_default_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem;
return mem && paddr >= mem->start && paddr < mem->end; } @@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ bool is_swiotlb_active(void); void __init swiotlb_adjust_size(unsigned long size); #else #define swiotlb_force SWIOTLB_NO_FORCE -static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(phys_addr_t paddr) +static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) { return false; } diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.c b/kernel/dma/direct.c index f737e3347059..84c9feb5474a 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.c +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.c @@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ void dma_direct_sync_sg_for_device(struct device *dev, for_each_sg(sgl, sg, nents, i) { phys_addr_t paddr = dma_to_phys(dev, sg_dma_address(sg));
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(paddr))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, paddr))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_device(dev, paddr, sg->length, dir);
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ void dma_direct_sync_sg_for_cpu(struct device *dev, if (!dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) arch_sync_dma_for_cpu(paddr, sg->length, dir);
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(paddr))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, paddr))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, paddr, sg->length, dir);
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ size_t dma_direct_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) bool dma_direct_need_sync(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_addr) { return !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev) || - is_swiotlb_buffer(dma_to_phys(dev, dma_addr)); + is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, dma_to_phys(dev, dma_addr)); }
/** diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.h b/kernel/dma/direct.h index 50afc05b6f1d..13e9e7158d94 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.h +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.h @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static inline void dma_direct_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, { phys_addr_t paddr = dma_to_phys(dev, addr);
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(paddr))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, paddr))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_device(dev, paddr, size, dir);
if (!dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static inline void dma_direct_sync_single_for_cpu(struct device *dev, arch_sync_dma_for_cpu_all(); }
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(paddr))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, paddr))) swiotlb_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, paddr, size, dir);
if (dir == DMA_FROM_DEVICE) @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ static inline void dma_direct_unmap_page(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t addr, if (!(attrs & DMA_ATTR_SKIP_CPU_SYNC)) dma_direct_sync_single_for_cpu(dev, addr, size, dir);
- if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(phys))) + if (unlikely(is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, phys))) swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(dev, phys, size, dir, attrs); } #endif /* _KERNEL_DMA_DIRECT_H */
Update is_swiotlb_active to add a struct device argument. This will be useful later to allow for different pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c | 2 +- drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c | 2 +- drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c | 2 +- include/linux/swiotlb.h | 4 ++-- kernel/dma/direct.c | 2 +- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 4 ++-- 6 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c index a9d65fc8aa0e..4b7afa0fc85d 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gem/i915_gem_internal.c @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static int i915_gem_object_get_pages_internal(struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj)
max_order = MAX_ORDER; #ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB - if (is_swiotlb_active()) { + if (is_swiotlb_active(obj->base.dev->dev)) { unsigned int max_segment;
max_segment = swiotlb_max_segment(); diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c index 9662522aa066..be15bfd9e0ee 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nouveau_ttm.c @@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ nouveau_ttm_init(struct nouveau_drm *drm) }
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SWIOTLB) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86) - need_swiotlb = is_swiotlb_active(); + need_swiotlb = is_swiotlb_active(dev->dev); #endif
ret = ttm_bo_device_init(&drm->ttm.bdev, &nouveau_bo_driver, diff --git a/drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c b/drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c index b7a8f3a1921f..0d56985bfe81 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c +++ b/drivers/pci/xen-pcifront.c @@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ static int pcifront_connect_and_init_dma(struct pcifront_device *pdev)
spin_unlock(&pcifront_dev_lock);
- if (!err && !is_swiotlb_active()) { + if (!err && !is_swiotlb_active(&pdev->xdev->dev)) { err = pci_xen_swiotlb_init_late(); if (err) dev_err(&pdev->xdev->dev, "Could not setup SWIOTLB!\n"); diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index d1f3d95881cd..dd1c30a83058 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) void __init swiotlb_exit(void); unsigned int swiotlb_max_segment(void); size_t swiotlb_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev); -bool is_swiotlb_active(void); +bool is_swiotlb_active(struct device *dev); void __init swiotlb_adjust_size(unsigned long size); #else #define swiotlb_force SWIOTLB_NO_FORCE @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ static inline size_t swiotlb_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) return SIZE_MAX; }
-static inline bool is_swiotlb_active(void) +static inline bool is_swiotlb_active(struct device *dev) { return false; } diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.c b/kernel/dma/direct.c index 84c9feb5474a..7a88c34d0867 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.c +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.c @@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ int dma_direct_supported(struct device *dev, u64 mask) size_t dma_direct_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) { /* If SWIOTLB is active, use its maximum mapping size */ - if (is_swiotlb_active() && + if (is_swiotlb_active(dev) && (dma_addressing_limited(dev) || swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE)) return swiotlb_max_mapping_size(dev); return SIZE_MAX; diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index a9f5c08dd94a..101abeb0a57d 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -663,9 +663,9 @@ size_t swiotlb_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) return ((size_t)IO_TLB_SIZE) * IO_TLB_SEGSIZE; }
-bool is_swiotlb_active(void) +bool is_swiotlb_active(struct device *dev) { - return io_tlb_default_mem != NULL; + return dev->dma_io_tlb_mem != NULL; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(is_swiotlb_active);
Propagate the swiotlb_force into io_tlb_default_mem->force_bounce and use it to determine whether to bounce the data or not. This will be useful later to allow for different pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org --- include/linux/swiotlb.h | 11 +++++++++++ kernel/dma/direct.c | 2 +- kernel/dma/direct.h | 2 +- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 4 ++++ 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index dd1c30a83058..8d8855c77d9a 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ extern enum swiotlb_force swiotlb_force; * unmap calls. * @debugfs: The dentry to debugfs. * @late_alloc: %true if allocated using the page allocator + * @force_bounce: %true if swiotlb bouncing is forced */ struct io_tlb_mem { phys_addr_t start; @@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ struct io_tlb_mem { spinlock_t lock; struct dentry *debugfs; bool late_alloc; + bool force_bounce; struct io_tlb_slot { phys_addr_t orig_addr; size_t alloc_size; @@ -109,6 +111,11 @@ static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) return mem && paddr >= mem->start && paddr < mem->end; }
+static inline bool is_swiotlb_force_bounce(struct device *dev) +{ + return dev->dma_io_tlb_mem->force_bounce; +} + void __init swiotlb_exit(void); unsigned int swiotlb_max_segment(void); size_t swiotlb_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev); @@ -120,6 +127,10 @@ static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) { return false; } +static inline bool is_swiotlb_force_bounce(struct device *dev) +{ + return false; +} static inline void swiotlb_exit(void) { } diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.c b/kernel/dma/direct.c index 7a88c34d0867..a92465b4eb12 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.c +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.c @@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ size_t dma_direct_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) { /* If SWIOTLB is active, use its maximum mapping size */ if (is_swiotlb_active(dev) && - (dma_addressing_limited(dev) || swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE)) + (dma_addressing_limited(dev) || is_swiotlb_force_bounce(dev))) return swiotlb_max_mapping_size(dev); return SIZE_MAX; } diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.h b/kernel/dma/direct.h index 13e9e7158d94..4632b0f4f72e 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.h +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.h @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static inline dma_addr_t dma_direct_map_page(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t phys = page_to_phys(page) + offset; dma_addr_t dma_addr = phys_to_dma(dev, phys);
- if (unlikely(swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE)) + if (is_swiotlb_force_bounce(dev)) return swiotlb_map(dev, phys, size, dir, attrs);
if (unlikely(!dma_capable(dev, dma_addr, size, true))) { diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index 101abeb0a57d..b5a9c4c0b4db 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -179,6 +179,10 @@ static void swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem(struct io_tlb_mem *mem, phys_addr_t start, mem->end = mem->start + bytes; mem->index = 0; mem->late_alloc = late_alloc; + + if (swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE) + mem->force_bounce = true; + spin_lock_init(&mem->lock); for (i = 0; i < mem->nslabs; i++) { mem->slots[i].list = IO_TLB_SEGSIZE - io_tlb_offset(i);
On Wed, 16 Jun 2021, Claire Chang wrote:
Propagate the swiotlb_force into io_tlb_default_mem->force_bounce and use it to determine whether to bounce the data or not. This will be useful later to allow for different pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org
include/linux/swiotlb.h | 11 +++++++++++ kernel/dma/direct.c | 2 +- kernel/dma/direct.h | 2 +- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 4 ++++ 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index dd1c30a83058..8d8855c77d9a 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ extern enum swiotlb_force swiotlb_force;
unmap calls.- @debugfs: The dentry to debugfs.
- @late_alloc: %true if allocated using the page allocator
*/
- @force_bounce: %true if swiotlb bouncing is forced
struct io_tlb_mem { phys_addr_t start; @@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ struct io_tlb_mem { spinlock_t lock; struct dentry *debugfs; bool late_alloc;
- bool force_bounce; struct io_tlb_slot { phys_addr_t orig_addr; size_t alloc_size;
@@ -109,6 +111,11 @@ static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) return mem && paddr >= mem->start && paddr < mem->end; }
+static inline bool is_swiotlb_force_bounce(struct device *dev) +{
- return dev->dma_io_tlb_mem->force_bounce;
+} void __init swiotlb_exit(void); unsigned int swiotlb_max_segment(void); size_t swiotlb_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev); @@ -120,6 +127,10 @@ static inline bool is_swiotlb_buffer(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t paddr) { return false; } +static inline bool is_swiotlb_force_bounce(struct device *dev) +{
- return false;
+} static inline void swiotlb_exit(void) { } diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.c b/kernel/dma/direct.c index 7a88c34d0867..a92465b4eb12 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.c +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.c @@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ size_t dma_direct_max_mapping_size(struct device *dev) { /* If SWIOTLB is active, use its maximum mapping size */ if (is_swiotlb_active(dev) &&
(dma_addressing_limited(dev) || swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE))
(dma_addressing_limited(dev) || is_swiotlb_force_bounce(dev)))} diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.h b/kernel/dma/direct.h index 13e9e7158d94..4632b0f4f72e 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.h +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.h @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static inline dma_addr_t dma_direct_map_page(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t phys = page_to_phys(page) + offset; dma_addr_t dma_addr = phys_to_dma(dev, phys);
- if (unlikely(swiotlb_force == SWIOTLB_FORCE))
if (is_swiotlb_force_bounce(dev)) return swiotlb_map(dev, phys, size, dir, attrs);
if (unlikely(!dma_capable(dev, dma_addr, size, true))) {
Should we also make the same change in drivers/xen/swiotlb-xen.c:xen_swiotlb_map_page ?
If I make that change, I can see that everything is working as expected for a restricted-dma device with Linux running as dom0 on Xen. However, is_swiotlb_force_bounce returns non-zero even for normal non-restricted-dma devices. That shouldn't happen, right?
It looks like struct io_tlb_slot is not zeroed on allocation. Adding memset(mem, 0x0, struct_size) in swiotlb_late_init_with_tbl solves the issue.
With those two changes, the series passes my tests and you can add my tested-by.
Rename find_slots to swiotlb_find_slots and move the maintenance of alloc_size to it for better code reusability later.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index b5a9c4c0b4db..b59e689aa79d 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -431,8 +431,8 @@ static unsigned int wrap_index(struct io_tlb_mem *mem, unsigned int index) * Find a suitable number of IO TLB entries size that will fit this request and * allocate a buffer from that IO TLB pool. */ -static int find_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, - size_t alloc_size) +static int swiotlb_find_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, + size_t alloc_size) { struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; unsigned long boundary_mask = dma_get_seg_boundary(dev); @@ -487,8 +487,11 @@ static int find_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, return -1;
found: - for (i = index; i < index + nslots; i++) + for (i = index; i < index + nslots; i++) { mem->slots[i].list = 0; + mem->slots[i].alloc_size = + alloc_size - ((i - index) << IO_TLB_SHIFT); + } for (i = index - 1; io_tlb_offset(i) != IO_TLB_SEGSIZE - 1 && mem->slots[i].list; i--) @@ -529,7 +532,7 @@ phys_addr_t swiotlb_tbl_map_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, return (phys_addr_t)DMA_MAPPING_ERROR; }
- index = find_slots(dev, orig_addr, alloc_size + offset); + index = swiotlb_find_slots(dev, orig_addr, alloc_size + offset); if (index == -1) { if (!(attrs & DMA_ATTR_NO_WARN)) dev_warn_ratelimited(dev, @@ -543,11 +546,8 @@ phys_addr_t swiotlb_tbl_map_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, * This is needed when we sync the memory. Then we sync the buffer if * needed. */ - for (i = 0; i < nr_slots(alloc_size + offset); i++) { + for (i = 0; i < nr_slots(alloc_size + offset); i++) mem->slots[index + i].orig_addr = slot_addr(orig_addr, i); - mem->slots[index + i].alloc_size = - alloc_size - (i << IO_TLB_SHIFT); - } tlb_addr = slot_addr(mem->start, index) + offset; if (!(attrs & DMA_ATTR_SKIP_CPU_SYNC) && (dir == DMA_TO_DEVICE || dir == DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL))
Add a new function, swiotlb_release_slots, to make the code reusable for supporting different bounce buffer pools.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index b59e689aa79d..688c6e0c43ff 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -555,27 +555,15 @@ phys_addr_t swiotlb_tbl_map_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr, return tlb_addr; }
-/* - * tlb_addr is the physical address of the bounce buffer to unmap. - */ -void swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(struct device *hwdev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, - size_t mapping_size, enum dma_data_direction dir, - unsigned long attrs) +static void swiotlb_release_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr) { - struct io_tlb_mem *mem = hwdev->dma_io_tlb_mem; + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; unsigned long flags; - unsigned int offset = swiotlb_align_offset(hwdev, tlb_addr); + unsigned int offset = swiotlb_align_offset(dev, tlb_addr); int index = (tlb_addr - offset - mem->start) >> IO_TLB_SHIFT; int nslots = nr_slots(mem->slots[index].alloc_size + offset); int count, i;
- /* - * First, sync the memory before unmapping the entry - */ - if (!(attrs & DMA_ATTR_SKIP_CPU_SYNC) && - (dir == DMA_FROM_DEVICE || dir == DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL)) - swiotlb_bounce(hwdev, tlb_addr, mapping_size, DMA_FROM_DEVICE); - /* * Return the buffer to the free list by setting the corresponding * entries to indicate the number of contiguous entries available. @@ -610,6 +598,23 @@ void swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(struct device *hwdev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, spin_unlock_irqrestore(&mem->lock, flags); }
+/* + * tlb_addr is the physical address of the bounce buffer to unmap. + */ +void swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, + size_t mapping_size, enum dma_data_direction dir, + unsigned long attrs) +{ + /* + * First, sync the memory before unmapping the entry + */ + if (!(attrs & DMA_ATTR_SKIP_CPU_SYNC) && + (dir == DMA_FROM_DEVICE || dir == DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL)) + swiotlb_bounce(dev, tlb_addr, mapping_size, DMA_FROM_DEVICE); + + swiotlb_release_slots(dev, tlb_addr); +} + void swiotlb_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t tlb_addr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir) {
Add the functions, swiotlb_{alloc,free} and is_swiotlb_for_alloc to support the memory allocation from restricted DMA pool.
The restricted DMA pool is preferred if available.
Note that since coherent allocation needs remapping, one must set up another device coherent pool by shared-dma-pool and use dma_alloc_from_dev_coherent instead for atomic coherent allocation.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org --- include/linux/swiotlb.h | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++ kernel/dma/direct.c | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 3 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index 8d8855c77d9a..a73fad460162 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ extern enum swiotlb_force swiotlb_force; * @debugfs: The dentry to debugfs. * @late_alloc: %true if allocated using the page allocator * @force_bounce: %true if swiotlb bouncing is forced + * @for_alloc: %true if the pool is used for memory allocation */ struct io_tlb_mem { phys_addr_t start; @@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ struct io_tlb_mem { struct dentry *debugfs; bool late_alloc; bool force_bounce; + bool for_alloc; struct io_tlb_slot { phys_addr_t orig_addr; size_t alloc_size; @@ -156,4 +158,28 @@ static inline void swiotlb_adjust_size(unsigned long size) extern void swiotlb_print_info(void); extern void swiotlb_set_max_segment(unsigned int);
+#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL +struct page *swiotlb_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size); +bool swiotlb_free(struct device *dev, struct page *page, size_t size); + +static inline bool is_swiotlb_for_alloc(struct device *dev) +{ + return dev->dma_io_tlb_mem->for_alloc; +} +#else +static inline struct page *swiotlb_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size) +{ + return NULL; +} +static inline bool swiotlb_free(struct device *dev, struct page *page, + size_t size) +{ + return false; +} +static inline bool is_swiotlb_for_alloc(struct device *dev) +{ + return false; +} +#endif /* CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL */ + #endif /* __LINUX_SWIOTLB_H */ diff --git a/kernel/dma/direct.c b/kernel/dma/direct.c index a92465b4eb12..2de33e5d302b 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/direct.c +++ b/kernel/dma/direct.c @@ -75,6 +75,15 @@ static bool dma_coherent_ok(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t phys, size_t size) min_not_zero(dev->coherent_dma_mask, dev->bus_dma_limit); }
+static void __dma_direct_free_pages(struct device *dev, struct page *page, + size_t size) +{ + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL) && + swiotlb_free(dev, page, size)) + return; + dma_free_contiguous(dev, page, size); +} + static struct page *__dma_direct_alloc_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size, gfp_t gfp) { @@ -86,6 +95,16 @@ static struct page *__dma_direct_alloc_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size,
gfp |= dma_direct_optimal_gfp_mask(dev, dev->coherent_dma_mask, &phys_limit); + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL) && + is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) { + page = swiotlb_alloc(dev, size); + if (page && !dma_coherent_ok(dev, page_to_phys(page), size)) { + __dma_direct_free_pages(dev, page, size); + return NULL; + } + return page; + } + page = dma_alloc_contiguous(dev, size, gfp); if (page && !dma_coherent_ok(dev, page_to_phys(page), size)) { dma_free_contiguous(dev, page, size); @@ -142,7 +161,7 @@ void *dma_direct_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, gfp |= __GFP_NOWARN;
if ((attrs & DMA_ATTR_NO_KERNEL_MAPPING) && - !force_dma_unencrypted(dev)) { + !force_dma_unencrypted(dev) && !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) { page = __dma_direct_alloc_pages(dev, size, gfp & ~__GFP_ZERO); if (!page) return NULL; @@ -155,18 +174,23 @@ void *dma_direct_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, }
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED) && - !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && - !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) + !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev) && + !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) return arch_dma_alloc(dev, size, dma_handle, gfp, attrs);
/* * Remapping or decrypting memory may block. If either is required and * we can't block, allocate the memory from the atomic pools. + * If restricted DMA (i.e., is_swiotlb_for_alloc) is required, one must + * set up another device coherent pool by shared-dma-pool and use + * dma_alloc_from_dev_coherent instead. */ if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_COHERENT_POOL) && !gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp) && (force_dma_unencrypted(dev) || - (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)))) + (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && + !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev))) && + !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) return dma_direct_alloc_from_pool(dev, size, dma_handle, gfp);
/* we always manually zero the memory once we are done */ @@ -237,7 +261,7 @@ void *dma_direct_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size, return NULL; } out_free_pages: - dma_free_contiguous(dev, page, size); + __dma_direct_free_pages(dev, page, size); return NULL; }
@@ -247,15 +271,15 @@ void dma_direct_free(struct device *dev, size_t size, unsigned int page_order = get_order(size);
if ((attrs & DMA_ATTR_NO_KERNEL_MAPPING) && - !force_dma_unencrypted(dev)) { + !force_dma_unencrypted(dev) && !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) { /* cpu_addr is a struct page cookie, not a kernel address */ dma_free_contiguous(dev, cpu_addr, size); return; }
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED) && - !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && - !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev)) { + !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_DIRECT_REMAP) && !dev_is_dma_coherent(dev) && + !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) { arch_dma_free(dev, size, cpu_addr, dma_addr, attrs); return; } @@ -273,7 +297,7 @@ void dma_direct_free(struct device *dev, size_t size, else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_CLEAR_UNCACHED)) arch_dma_clear_uncached(cpu_addr, size);
- dma_free_contiguous(dev, dma_direct_to_page(dev, dma_addr), size); + __dma_direct_free_pages(dev, dma_direct_to_page(dev, dma_addr), size); }
struct page *dma_direct_alloc_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size, @@ -283,7 +307,8 @@ struct page *dma_direct_alloc_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size, void *ret;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_COHERENT_POOL) && - force_dma_unencrypted(dev) && !gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp)) + force_dma_unencrypted(dev) && !gfpflags_allow_blocking(gfp) && + !is_swiotlb_for_alloc(dev)) return dma_direct_alloc_from_pool(dev, size, dma_handle, gfp);
page = __dma_direct_alloc_pages(dev, size, gfp); @@ -310,7 +335,7 @@ struct page *dma_direct_alloc_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size, *dma_handle = phys_to_dma_direct(dev, page_to_phys(page)); return page; out_free_pages: - dma_free_contiguous(dev, page, size); + __dma_direct_free_pages(dev, page, size); return NULL; }
@@ -329,7 +354,7 @@ void dma_direct_free_pages(struct device *dev, size_t size, if (force_dma_unencrypted(dev)) set_memory_encrypted((unsigned long)vaddr, 1 << page_order);
- dma_free_contiguous(dev, page, size); + __dma_direct_free_pages(dev, page, size); }
#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_DEVICE) || \ diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index 688c6e0c43ff..d3d4f1a25fee 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -462,8 +462,9 @@ static int swiotlb_find_slots(struct device *dev, phys_addr_t orig_addr,
index = wrap = wrap_index(mem, ALIGN(mem->index, stride)); do { - if ((slot_addr(tbl_dma_addr, index) & iotlb_align_mask) != - (orig_addr & iotlb_align_mask)) { + if (orig_addr && + (slot_addr(tbl_dma_addr, index) & iotlb_align_mask) != + (orig_addr & iotlb_align_mask)) { index = wrap_index(mem, index + 1); continue; } @@ -702,3 +703,36 @@ static int __init swiotlb_create_default_debugfs(void) late_initcall(swiotlb_create_default_debugfs);
#endif + +#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL +struct page *swiotlb_alloc(struct device *dev, size_t size) +{ + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = dev->dma_io_tlb_mem; + phys_addr_t tlb_addr; + int index; + + if (!mem) + return NULL; + + index = swiotlb_find_slots(dev, 0, size); + if (index == -1) + return NULL; + + tlb_addr = slot_addr(mem->start, index); + + return pfn_to_page(PFN_DOWN(tlb_addr)); +} + +bool swiotlb_free(struct device *dev, struct page *page, size_t size) +{ + phys_addr_t tlb_addr = page_to_phys(page); + + if (!is_swiotlb_buffer(dev, tlb_addr)) + return false; + + swiotlb_release_slots(dev, tlb_addr); + + return true; +} + +#endif /* CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL */
Add the initialization function to create restricted DMA pools from matching reserved-memory nodes.
Regardless of swiotlb setting, the restricted DMA pool is preferred if available.
The restricted DMA pools provide a basic level of protection against the DMA overwriting buffer contents at unexpected times. However, to protect against general data leakage and system memory corruption, the system needs to provide a way to lock down the memory access, e.g., MPU.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig hch@lst.de --- include/linux/swiotlb.h | 3 +- kernel/dma/Kconfig | 14 ++++++++ kernel/dma/swiotlb.c | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 92 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/swiotlb.h b/include/linux/swiotlb.h index a73fad460162..175b6c113ed8 100644 --- a/include/linux/swiotlb.h +++ b/include/linux/swiotlb.h @@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ extern enum swiotlb_force swiotlb_force; * range check to see if the memory was in fact allocated by this * API. * @nslabs: The number of IO TLB blocks (in groups of 64) between @start and - * @end. This is command line adjustable via setup_io_tlb_npages. + * @end. For default swiotlb, this is command line adjustable via + * setup_io_tlb_npages. * @used: The number of used IO TLB block. * @list: The free list describing the number of free entries available * from each index. diff --git a/kernel/dma/Kconfig b/kernel/dma/Kconfig index 77b405508743..3e961dc39634 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/Kconfig +++ b/kernel/dma/Kconfig @@ -80,6 +80,20 @@ config SWIOTLB bool select NEED_DMA_MAP_STATE
+config DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL + bool "DMA Restricted Pool" + depends on OF && OF_RESERVED_MEM + select SWIOTLB + help + This enables support for restricted DMA pools which provide a level of + DMA memory protection on systems with limited hardware protection + capabilities, such as those lacking an IOMMU. + + For more information see + <Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt> + and <kernel/dma/swiotlb.c>. + If unsure, say "n". + # # Should be selected if we can mmap non-coherent mappings to userspace. # The only thing that is really required is a way to set an uncached bit diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c index d3d4f1a25fee..8a4d4ad4335e 100644 --- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c +++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c @@ -39,6 +39,13 @@ #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS #include <linux/debugfs.h> #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL +#include <linux/io.h> +#include <linux/of.h> +#include <linux/of_fdt.h> +#include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h> +#include <linux/slab.h> +#endif
#include <asm/io.h> #include <asm/dma.h> @@ -735,4 +742,73 @@ bool swiotlb_free(struct device *dev, struct page *page, size_t size) return true; }
+static int rmem_swiotlb_device_init(struct reserved_mem *rmem, + struct device *dev) +{ + struct io_tlb_mem *mem = rmem->priv; + unsigned long nslabs = rmem->size >> IO_TLB_SHIFT; + + /* + * Since multiple devices can share the same pool, the private data, + * io_tlb_mem struct, will be initialized by the first device attached + * to it. + */ + if (!mem) { + mem = kzalloc(struct_size(mem, slots, nslabs), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!mem) + return -ENOMEM; + + swiotlb_init_io_tlb_mem(mem, rmem->base, nslabs, false); + mem->force_bounce = true; + mem->for_alloc = true; + set_memory_decrypted((unsigned long)phys_to_virt(rmem->base), + rmem->size >> PAGE_SHIFT); + + rmem->priv = mem; + + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)) { + mem->debugfs = + debugfs_create_dir(rmem->name, debugfs_dir); + swiotlb_create_debugfs_files(mem); + } + } + + dev->dma_io_tlb_mem = mem; + + return 0; +} + +static void rmem_swiotlb_device_release(struct reserved_mem *rmem, + struct device *dev) +{ + dev->dma_io_tlb_mem = io_tlb_default_mem; +} + +static const struct reserved_mem_ops rmem_swiotlb_ops = { + .device_init = rmem_swiotlb_device_init, + .device_release = rmem_swiotlb_device_release, +}; + +static int __init rmem_swiotlb_setup(struct reserved_mem *rmem) +{ + unsigned long node = rmem->fdt_node; + + if (of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "reusable", NULL) || + of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "linux,cma-default", NULL) || + of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "linux,dma-default", NULL) || + of_get_flat_dt_prop(node, "no-map", NULL)) + return -EINVAL; + + if (PageHighMem(pfn_to_page(PHYS_PFN(rmem->base)))) { + pr_err("Restricted DMA pool must be accessible within the linear mapping."); + return -EINVAL; + } + + rmem->ops = &rmem_swiotlb_ops; + pr_info("Reserved memory: created restricted DMA pool at %pa, size %ld MiB\n", + &rmem->base, (unsigned long)rmem->size / SZ_1M); + return 0; +} + +RESERVEDMEM_OF_DECLARE(dma, "restricted-dma-pool", rmem_swiotlb_setup); #endif /* CONFIG_DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL */
Introduce the new compatible string, restricted-dma-pool, for restricted DMA. One can specify the address and length of the restricted DMA memory region by restricted-dma-pool in the reserved-memory node.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org --- .../reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt | 36 +++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt index e8d3096d922c..46804f24df05 100644 --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt @@ -51,6 +51,23 @@ compatible (optional) - standard definition used as a shared pool of DMA buffers for a set of devices. It can be used by an operating system to instantiate the necessary pool management subsystem if necessary. + - restricted-dma-pool: This indicates a region of memory meant to be + used as a pool of restricted DMA buffers for a set of devices. The + memory region would be the only region accessible to those devices. + When using this, the no-map and reusable properties must not be set, + so the operating system can create a virtual mapping that will be used + for synchronization. The main purpose for restricted DMA is to + mitigate the lack of DMA access control on systems without an IOMMU, + which could result in the DMA accessing the system memory at + unexpected times and/or unexpected addresses, possibly leading to data + leakage or corruption. The feature on its own provides a basic level + of protection against the DMA overwriting buffer contents at + unexpected times. However, to protect against general data leakage and + system memory corruption, the system needs to provide way to lock down + the memory access, e.g., MPU. Note that since coherent allocation + needs remapping, one must set up another device coherent pool by + shared-dma-pool and use dma_alloc_from_dev_coherent instead for atomic + coherent allocation. - vendor specific string in the form <vendor>,[<device>-]<usage> no-map (optional) - empty property - Indicates the operating system must not create a virtual mapping @@ -85,10 +102,11 @@ memory-region-names (optional) - a list of names, one for each corresponding
Example ------- -This example defines 3 contiguous regions are defined for Linux kernel: +This example defines 4 contiguous regions for Linux kernel: one default of all device drivers (named linux,cma@72000000 and 64MiB in size), -one dedicated to the framebuffer device (named framebuffer@78000000, 8MiB), and -one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). +one dedicated to the framebuffer device (named framebuffer@78000000, 8MiB), +one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB), and +one for restricted dma pool (named restricted_dma_reserved@0x50000000, 64MiB).
/ { #address-cells = <1>; @@ -120,6 +138,11 @@ one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). compatible = "acme,multimedia-memory"; reg = <0x77000000 0x4000000>; }; + + restricted_dma_reserved: restricted_dma_reserved { + compatible = "restricted-dma-pool"; + reg = <0x50000000 0x4000000>; + }; };
/* ... */ @@ -138,4 +161,11 @@ one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). memory-region = <&multimedia_reserved>; /* ... */ }; + + pcie_device: pcie_device@0,0 { + reg = <0x83010000 0x0 0x00000000 0x0 0x00100000 + 0x83010000 0x0 0x00100000 0x0 0x00100000>; + memory-region = <&restricted_dma_mem_reserved>; + /* ... */ + }; };
On Wed, 16 Jun 2021, Claire Chang wrote:
Introduce the new compatible string, restricted-dma-pool, for restricted DMA. One can specify the address and length of the restricted DMA memory region by restricted-dma-pool in the reserved-memory node.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org
.../reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt | 36 +++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt index e8d3096d922c..46804f24df05 100644 --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/reserved-memory/reserved-memory.txt @@ -51,6 +51,23 @@ compatible (optional) - standard definition used as a shared pool of DMA buffers for a set of devices. It can be used by an operating system to instantiate the necessary pool management subsystem if necessary.
- restricted-dma-pool: This indicates a region of memory meant to beused as a pool of restricted DMA buffers for a set of devices. Thememory region would be the only region accessible to those devices.When using this, the no-map and reusable properties must not be set,so the operating system can create a virtual mapping that will be usedfor synchronization. The main purpose for restricted DMA is tomitigate the lack of DMA access control on systems without an IOMMU,which could result in the DMA accessing the system memory atunexpected times and/or unexpected addresses, possibly leading to dataleakage or corruption. The feature on its own provides a basic levelof protection against the DMA overwriting buffer contents atunexpected times. However, to protect against general data leakage andsystem memory corruption, the system needs to provide way to lock downthe memory access, e.g., MPU. Note that since coherent allocationneeds remapping, one must set up another device coherent pool byshared-dma-pool and use dma_alloc_from_dev_coherent instead for atomiccoherent allocation. - vendor specific string in the form <vendor>,[<device>-]<usage>no-map (optional) - empty property - Indicates the operating system must not create a virtual mapping @@ -85,10 +102,11 @@ memory-region-names (optional) - a list of names, one for each corresponding
Example
-This example defines 3 contiguous regions are defined for Linux kernel: +This example defines 4 contiguous regions for Linux kernel: one default of all device drivers (named linux,cma@72000000 and 64MiB in size), -one dedicated to the framebuffer device (named framebuffer@78000000, 8MiB), and -one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). +one dedicated to the framebuffer device (named framebuffer@78000000, 8MiB), +one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB), and +one for restricted dma pool (named restricted_dma_reserved@0x50000000, 64MiB).
/ { #address-cells = <1>; @@ -120,6 +138,11 @@ one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). compatible = "acme,multimedia-memory"; reg = <0x77000000 0x4000000>; };
restricted_dma_reserved: restricted_dma_reserved {compatible = "restricted-dma-pool";reg = <0x50000000 0x4000000>;};};
/* ... */
@@ -138,4 +161,11 @@ one for multimedia processing (named multimedia-memory@77000000, 64MiB). memory-region = <&multimedia_reserved>; /* ... */ };
- pcie_device: pcie_device@0,0 {
reg = <0x83010000 0x0 0x00000000 0x0 0x001000000x83010000 0x0 0x00100000 0x0 0x00100000>;memory-region = <&restricted_dma_mem_reserved>;
Shouldn't it be &restricted_dma_reserved ?
If a device is not behind an IOMMU, we look up the device node and set up the restricted DMA when the restricted-dma-pool is presented.
Signed-off-by: Claire Chang tientzu@chromium.org --- drivers/of/address.c | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/of/device.c | 3 +++ drivers/of/of_private.h | 6 ++++++ 3 files changed, 42 insertions(+)
diff --git a/drivers/of/address.c b/drivers/of/address.c index 73ddf2540f3f..cdf700fba5c4 100644 --- a/drivers/of/address.c +++ b/drivers/of/address.c @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ #include <linux/logic_pio.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/of_address.h> +#include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h> #include <linux/pci.h> #include <linux/pci_regs.h> #include <linux/sizes.h> @@ -1022,6 +1023,38 @@ int of_dma_get_range(struct device_node *np, const struct bus_dma_region **map) of_node_put(node); return ret; } + +int of_dma_set_restricted_buffer(struct device *dev, struct device_node *np) +{ + struct device_node *node, *of_node = dev->of_node; + int count, i; + + count = of_property_count_elems_of_size(of_node, "memory-region", + sizeof(u32)); + /* + * If dev->of_node doesn't exist or doesn't contain memory-region, try + * the OF node having DMA configuration. + */ + if (count <= 0) { + of_node = np; + count = of_property_count_elems_of_size( + of_node, "memory-region", sizeof(u32)); + } + + for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { + node = of_parse_phandle(of_node, "memory-region", i); + /* + * There might be multiple memory regions, but only one + * restricted-dma-pool region is allowed. + */ + if (of_device_is_compatible(node, "restricted-dma-pool") && + of_device_is_available(node)) + return of_reserved_mem_device_init_by_idx(dev, of_node, + i); + } + + return 0; +} #endif /* CONFIG_HAS_DMA */
/** diff --git a/drivers/of/device.c b/drivers/of/device.c index 6cb86de404f1..e68316836a7a 100644 --- a/drivers/of/device.c +++ b/drivers/of/device.c @@ -165,6 +165,9 @@ int of_dma_configure_id(struct device *dev, struct device_node *np,
arch_setup_dma_ops(dev, dma_start, size, iommu, coherent);
+ if (!iommu) + return of_dma_set_restricted_buffer(dev, np); + return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_dma_configure_id); diff --git a/drivers/of/of_private.h b/drivers/of/of_private.h index d9e6a324de0a..25cebbed5f02 100644 --- a/drivers/of/of_private.h +++ b/drivers/of/of_private.h @@ -161,12 +161,18 @@ struct bus_dma_region; #if defined(CONFIG_OF_ADDRESS) && defined(CONFIG_HAS_DMA) int of_dma_get_range(struct device_node *np, const struct bus_dma_region **map); +int of_dma_set_restricted_buffer(struct device *dev, struct device_node *np); #else static inline int of_dma_get_range(struct device_node *np, const struct bus_dma_region **map) { return -ENODEV; } +static inline int of_dma_set_restricted_buffer(struct device *dev, + struct device_node *np) +{ + return -ENODEV; +} #endif
#endif /* _LINUX_OF_PRIVATE_H */
Hi Claire,
On Wed, Jun 16, 2021 at 02:21:45PM +0800, Claire Chang wrote:
This series implements mitigations for lack of DMA access control on systems without an IOMMU, which could result in the DMA accessing the system memory at unexpected times and/or unexpected addresses, possibly leading to data leakage or corruption.
For example, we plan to use the PCI-e bus for Wi-Fi and that PCI-e bus is not behind an IOMMU. As PCI-e, by design, gives the device full access to system memory, a vulnerability in the Wi-Fi firmware could easily escalate to a full system exploit (remote wifi exploits: [1a], [1b] that shows a full chain of exploits; [2], [3]).
To mitigate the security concerns, we introduce restricted DMA. Restricted DMA utilizes the existing swiotlb to bounce streaming DMA in and out of a specially allocated region and does memory allocation from the same region. The feature on its own provides a basic level of protection against the DMA overwriting buffer contents at unexpected times. However, to protect against general data leakage and system memory corruption, the system needs to provide a way to restrict the DMA to a predefined memory region (this is usually done at firmware level, e.g. MPU in ATF on some ARM platforms [4]).
[1a] https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2017/04/over-air-exploiting-broadcoms... [1b] https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2017/04/over-air-exploiting-broadcoms... [2] https://blade.tencent.com/en/advisories/qualpwn/ [3] https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/vulnerabilities-found-in-high... [4] https://github.com/ARM-software/arm-trusted-firmware/blob/master/plat/mediat...
v12: Split is_dev_swiotlb_force into is_swiotlb_force_bounce (patch 06/12) and is_swiotlb_for_alloc (patch 09/12)
I took this for a spin in an arm64 KVM guest with virtio devices using the DMA API and it works as expected on top of swiotlb devel/for-linus-5.14, so:
Tested-by: Will Deacon will@kernel.org
Thanks!
Will
dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org
-
Claire Chang -
Stefano Stabellini -
Will Deacon